Extended Chord Theory

Explore the rich, colorful world of extended chords - 9ths, 11ths, and 13ths that add depth and sophistication to your harmony.

Extended Chords

Explore the rich, colorful world of extended chords - 9ths, 11ths, and 13ths that add depth and sophistication to your harmony.

Rich HarmonyJazz ColorsAdvanced VoicingsColorful Extensions

Theory Fundamentals

What Are Extended Chords?

  • Definition: Chords that extend beyond the 7th to include 9th, 11th, and 13th
  • 9th Chord: Root + 3rd + 5th + 7th + 9th
  • 11th Chord: Root + 3rd + 5th + 7th + 9th + 11th
  • 13th Chord: Root + 3rd + 5th + 7th + 9th + 11th + 13th
  • Sound Quality: Lush, complex, colorful

Musical Applications

  • Jazz: Standard jazz voicings and comping
  • Neo-Soul: Rich, modern harmony
  • R&B: Smooth, sophisticated grooves
  • Funk: 9th chords for rhythmic comping

Understanding Extended Chord Construction

C9 (Dominant 9th) Example

  • Root: C (1st degree)
  • Major 3rd: E (3rd degree)
  • Perfect 5th: G (5th degree)
  • Minor 7th: Bb (7th degree)
  • Major 9th: D (9th degree)

Interval Stacking

  • 9th = Octave + 2nd (compound interval):
  • 11th = Octave + 4th (compound interval):
  • 13th = Octave + 6th (compound interval):
  • Guitar: Usually omit some notes
  • Voice leading: Choose most important tones

Practical Voicings

  • Guitar has 6 strings: Omit notes as needed
  • Common omissions: 5th, root (if bass plays it)
  • Shell voicings: 3rd, 7th, plus extension
  • Drop 2 voicings: Practical guitar shapes
  • Rootless voicings: Assume bass covers root

Essential Extended Chord Voicings

Start Here

These are practical extended chord voicings that work well on guitar.

E9

XOO321

Notes: E-G#-B-D-F#

Fingering: Classic funk shape

Use: Funk, blues, R&B grooves

Cmaj9

XOO321

Notes: C-E-G-B-D

Fingering: Open position

Use: Jazz ballads, neo-soul

Am11

XOO321

Notes: A-C-E-G-D

Fingering: Open strings help

Use: Modal jazz, ambient

Common Extended Chord Progressions

Funk 9th Chord Groove

Chord Sequence
XOO321

E9

I9

XOO321

A9

IV9

XOO321

E9

I9

XOO321

B9

V9

Strumming Pattern

D - UDU - D - UDU

Funky 16th-note rhythm

Tempo: 90-120 BPM

Feel: Funky, groovy

Genre: Funk, R&B, Blues

Funk 9th Groove (E9-A9-E9-B9)

Classic funk progression using dominant 9th chords - the foundation of funk guitar heard in James Brown and Prince songs.

Practice Tips for Chord Progressions

Technique Focus
  • Practice muting unused strings for clean voicings
  • Focus on the most important chord tones (3, 7, extension)
  • Use rhythmic strumming to bring extended chords to life
  • Build from 7th chords by adding one extension at a time
Musical Application
  • Essential for jazz, funk, and R&B styles
  • Adds richness and color to any progression
  • Creates sophisticated, professional sound
  • Foundation for modern harmony and arranging

Famous Songs Using Extended Chords

Funk, Jazz & R&B Classics

  • "Get Up (I Feel Like Being a) Sex Machine" - James Brown (E9)
  • "Kiss" - Prince (A9 funk groove)
  • "Maiden Voyage" - Herbie Hancock (Dm11, Cm11)
  • "Electric Feel" - MGMT (9th chord voicings)
  • "Isn't She Lovely" - Stevie Wonder (extended chord harmony)

Practice Exercises

Building Extended Chord Skills

These exercises will help you master extended chords and their applications.

Exercise 1: 9th Chord Funk Groove

Pattern: E9 strumming with muted strings

Practice clean 9th chord voicings with funky rhythm

Mute the strings you are not fretting for a tight, percussive sound

Advanced Extended Chord Concepts

Extended Chord Alterations

  • Altered extensions: #9, b9, #11, b13
  • The 'Hendrix chord': 7#9 (E7#9)
  • Lydian dominant: 7#11 for jazz
  • Altered scale: All altered tensions
  • Upper structure triads: Triads over bass notes

Explore Related Content

Practice Exercises

Continue Your Chord Journey

Now that you understand extended chords, explore how they connect to other chord types and advanced harmonic concepts.